Tuberculosis (TB) is an acute or chronic bacterial infection found most commonly in the lungs.
TB infection happens in 4 stages: the initial macrophage response, the growth stage, the immune control stage, and the lung cavitation stage. These four stages happen over roughly one month.
Tuberculosis: Types
Pulmonary TB is curable with treatment, but if left untreated or not fully treated, the disease often causes life-threatening concerns. Untreated pulmonary TB disease can lead to long-term damage to these parts of the body: lungs.
Permanent changes in lung architecture after TB may be, in part, due to aberrant wound-healing processes. Excessive collagen deposition and fibrotic scarring can occur through the course of TB disease and treatment [14, 112]. TNF-α may play a role in tissue fibrosis after TB.
You can get TB by breathing in air droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person. The resulting lung infection is called primary TB. Most people recover from primary TB infection without further evidence of the disease. The infection may stay inactive (dormant) for years.
Although tuberculosis is most well-known for causing a distinctive cough, there are other types of tuberculosis in which individuals don't experience the symptom at all. Two types of the disease don't produce a cough: Bone and joint TB and latent TB.
Many people who have latent TB infection never develop TB disease . In these people, the TB bacteria remain inactive for a lifetime without causing disease . But in other people, especially people who have weak immune systems, the bacteria become active, multiply, and cause TB disease .
Can TB be completely cured? TB can usually be completely cured by the person with TB taking a combination of TB drugs. The only time that TB may not be curable is when the person has drug resistant TB.
It is possible to catch TB more than once, if you are unlucky enough to breathe in TB bacteria at another time. Always take new TB symptoms seriously and get them checked out by a doctor.
The usual treatment is:
Calorie Dense Foods Foods like banana, cereal porridge, peanut chikki, wheat and ragi are quite beneficial for TB patients.
Tuberculosis Signs and Symptoms A cough that lasts more than 3 weeks. Chest pain. Coughing up blood. Feeling tired all the time.
What food should be avoided by a person with TB
AVOID: Refined Grains
This means that being near someone with TB disease when they cough, sneeze, or even talk close to your face for an extended period of time puts you at risk for infection. Kissing, hugging, or shaking hands with a person who has TB doesn't spread the disease.
Limit refined products, like sugar, white breads, and white rice. Avoid high-fat, high-cholesterol red meat and instead load up on leaner protein sources like poultry, beans, tofu, and fish.
Milk: Milk is also a great source of protein, providing strength necessary to perform day-to-day activities. "You can make a milkshake with mangoes and milk that combines carbohydrates with protein and is the ideal energy booster."
A healthy eating plan can be achieved by including the following food groups in your diet: Vegetables and fruits - leafy greens and antioxidant-rich fruits such as spinach, carrots, squash, peppers, tomatoes, blueberries, cherries, oranges, lemons, etc.
Moreover, as precautionary and preventive measures, a person suffering from bone tuberculosis or any other form of tuberculosis must focus on a nutritional rich diet including fibre, protein, green leafy vegetable, etc. which are rich in iron and vitamin B.
For example, if, due to TB and its lengthy treatment, a woman's marriage to her cousin does not go ahead, then it is not her last opportunity to marry if she has many other as yet unmarried cousins to marry once she is in good health again.
Free treatment services are available for TB at all Government hospitals, Community Health Centers (CHC), Primary Health Centers (PHCs). DOT centers have been established near to residence of patients to the extent possible. All public heatlh facilties, subs centres, Community Volunteers, ASHA, Women Self Groups etc.
Stop the Spread of TB
Airborne precautions help keep staff, visitors, and other people from breathing in these germs and getting sick. Germs that warrant airborne precautions include chickenpox, measles, and tuberculosis (TB) bacteria infecting the lungs or larynx (voicebox).
While tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious disease, it's also very treatable. The best way to avoid complications from the disease is to take medications regularly and complete the full course as prescribed. In the United States, people with TB can live a normal life, both during and after treatment.
If your skin test or blood test is positive, you will likely be sent for a chest X-ray, which looks for certain small spots in your lungs. These spots are a sign of TB infection and indicate that your body is trying to isolate the TB bacteria. If your chest X-ray is negative, you likely have latent TB.